Second Caliph of Islam Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.)Part2

 Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.)as the second Caliph of Islam:

After consulting the shoora about the next "Kalifa",It was decided to make Hazrat Umar (R A.)next Caliph . Hazrat Umar (R A.) followed fully the ways of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon Him)and the policy of His predecessor with his characteristics zeal and vigour.It was his strict adherence to the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon Him)which helped him to subdue the mighty empires of Persia and Byzantine.His Caliphate marked the "Golden Age "of Islam.

2: Establishment of administrative system of Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.):

Hazrat Umar (R.A.) the pioneer of the Islamic democracy:

Hazrat Umar (R .A.)was the pioneer of modern civilization to form a state based upon the Islamic democratic system,the system which was incorporated in the west as late as 19th and 20th centuries.He was the greatest democratic administrator whose example is paralleled not only in the history of Islam but also in the history of modern civilization.

 A famous historian ,Syed Ameer Ali says,"During the 30years that the republic lasted ,the policy derived it's character chief ly from Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.)both during His life time and after His death."(The spirit of Islam)

The constitution of Islamic caliphate during the time of Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.)was based entirely on the Islamic democratic system.All matters were decided after consultation with the shoora 

Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.)had clearly stated on various occasions that He should be obeyed as long as he was obeying ALLAH and The Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him).

Islamic Republic based upon shoora:

All matters were decided after consultations with the shoora during His time.There were three main types of shoora.The first shoora consisted of very prominent and popular companions like:

• Hazrat Uthman (R.A.)
• Hazrat Ali(R.A.)
• Hazrat Abdur Rehman Bin Auf (R.A.)
• Hazrat Mu'adh bin Jabal(R.A.)
• Ubayy Bin Ka'ab(R.A.)
• Zaid Bin Thabit (R.A.)
• Talha (R.A.)
• And Zubair (R.A.).

They were the permanent members of the shoora.All the important matters were decided in consultation with these persons.

This shoora could be named as the higher advisory Council.

The second shoora was the general advisory Council which consisted of many companions from amongest  the Ansar and Muhajireen (R.A.).The companions who participated in the battle of badr were given priority in this shoora All matters of general interest were discussed with this shoora.In this shoora were also included the chiefs of various clans and tribes.

The third type of shoora ranked in between the higher and the general advisory Councils.

It consisted of some selected companions among the Muhajireen and Ansar.