Second Caliph of Islam Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.)Part4|Reign of Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.)

 1: Judiciary:

The judicial functions were entrusted to qadis(judges).A.qadi was completely free of the executive administration.On a number of occasions the Khalifa (Hazrat Umar Farooq (R A.)himself appeared before a qadi to defend himself in some cases.

The Provincial qadis were completely independent of the provincial

governors .The qadis were paid good  salaries so that there might not be even a slightest chance of bribery.

The monthly salaries of qadis like Hazrat Usman (R.A.)and Rabi'ah (R.A.)were 500 dirhams.

The monthly salary of Hazrat Amir Mu'awiyah (R.A.)was 1000 dirhams."Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.)was the first ruler of in Islam ,"says Amir Ali ,"to fix salaries for  judges and to make their offices distinct from the executive officers ,"

In a  number of books like "Tabaqatul Fuqha",  and Mawardi"instructions sent by Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.) to various qadis are quoted.

"It is essential for a "qadi"to be just in his decisions and should not give any preference to the persons considered eminent int he society.The complainants should produce proof in support of their case while the defendant are allowed to take an oath (depending upon the nature of case).

 Agreement between the two parties permissible except when such agreement makes unlawful act lawful or a lawful act unlawful .

If truth is known after decision has been given,you are allowed to reconsider the case and change the decision .

When you do not find guidance in the Holy Quran or in the Hadith [(i .e.practices and the saying of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him)]for decision of a case ponder over it.(on the basis of the broader principals of shari'ah,i.e.Divine law )and search for its solution in the light of past decisions given by the righteous predecessors.

In case you do not get the solution in the past decisions,then apply your own mind(i.e do ijtihad or qiyas based upon the Holy Quran and the Sunnah [i.e.the practices of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him]."

2: Department of Education:

Hazrat Umar (R.A.)took special interest in imparting Islamic knowledge to the Muslims .

The Holy Quran was compiled in a book from during the period of Hazrat Abu Bakar As-Siddique (R.A.)on Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A.) insistence .

He established school for teaching the Holy Quran in all the conquered territories.Such school were located in the Masjid .

A number of writers like Ibn -i-jauzi have mentioned that the teachers of such schools receiveed  good salaries.

Besides teaching the Holy Quran they also trained the people in reading and writing.The Huffaz(i.e the Muslims who commit whole of the Holy Quran to their memory )were specially honoured.

He also appointed teachers to teach Hadith and and Islamic law.

Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas'ud (R.A.) was sent to Kufa ;Hia'qal bin Yair (R.A.)and Imran bin Hasin(R.A.) to Basra, Hazrat Abadah bin Samit used to teach Hadith and Islamic law as well in Syria besides the Holy Quran.